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--- cplusplus:c_vs._c [2016/04/21 23:03] – [Console commands] mithat
+++ cplusplus:c_vs._c [2016/04/21 23:35] – [Structs] mithat
@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
   * ''gets()''  read a string from the keyboard
-===== File commands =====
+===== File I/O =====
-  * ''fopen()'' open a text file.
+  * ''fopen()'', ''fclose()'' open/close a text file.
-  * ''fclose()'' close a text file.
   * ''feof()'' detect end-of-file marker in a file.
   * ''fscanf()'' read formatted string from a file.
@@ Line 51: / Line 50: @@
   * reference variables
   * function overloading
-  * ''%%//%%'' single line comments in older versions of C.
+  * ''%%//%% single line comments'' (in older versions of C).
 ===== Defining variables =====
-  * You must define variables at the beginning of a function.
+  * You must define variables at the beginning of a function.<code c>
-<code c>
 int  main( )
 {
@@ Line 64: / Line 62: @@
 ===== Prototypes =====
-  * You don’t need function prototypes.
+  * You don’t need function prototypes. <code c>
-  * Best practice to use them anyway.
-<code c>
 int main()
 {
@@ Line 78: / Line 74: @@
 }
 </code>
+  * Best practice to use them anyway.
-===== Named constants (macros) =====
+===== Named constants and macros =====
   * ''const'' is available only in newer versions of C.
-  * ''#define'' precompiler directive typically used instead of ''const''.
+  * ''#define'' precompiler directive typically used instead.<code c>
-  * ''#define'' can also be used to create macros.
-<code c>
 #define PI 3.1415
 #define TAX_RATE 0.065
+</code>
+  * ''#define'' can also be used to create macros.<code c>
 #define square(x) ((x) * (x))
 </code>
-===== Dynamic memory =====
+===== Dynamic memory is different =====
-  * Different way to allocate/deallocate dynamic memory:
+  * Allocating memory:<code c>
-<code c>
+int *x = malloc(sizeof(int));          /* allocate a single int */
-int *x = malloc(sizeof(int));            /* allocate a single int */
+int *xArry = malloc(sizeof(int) * 10); /* allocate array of ints */
-int *x_array = malloc(sizeof(int) * 10); /* allocate array of 10 ints */
-/* release storage that was allocated */
-free( x );
-free( x_array );
 </code>
+  * Deallocating memory:<code c>
+free(x);
+free(xArry);
+</code>
 ===== Structs =====
-  * Need to use ''struct'' keyword when defining ''struct'' variables
+  * You must use the ''struct'' keyword when defining ''struct'' variables.<code c>
-<code c>
 struct MyStruct
 {