computer_basics:a_short_history_of_operating_systems
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| computer_basics:a_short_history_of_operating_systems [2019/12/05 04:25] – mithat | computer_basics:a_short_history_of_operating_systems [2019/12/05 04:49] – [GUI desktop era] mithat | ||
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| Mithat Konar\\ | Mithat Konar\\ | ||
| - | Feb 19, 2013 | + | Dec 4, 2019 |
| ===== The major eras ===== | ===== The major eras ===== | ||
| + | * The no-OS era | ||
| * Mainframe/ | * Mainframe/ | ||
| * The personal computing era | * The personal computing era | ||
| Line 13: | Line 14: | ||
| * Open source " | * Open source " | ||
| * Mobile era | * Mobile era | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== The no-OS era ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **until ~1960** | ||
| + | * Earliest computers did not have operating systems. | ||
| + | * Expectations and capabilities were simple enough that OSes weren' | ||
| + | * Many limited-capability modern computers still don't have OSes. | ||
| + | * Simple remote controls | ||
| + | * Microwave oven panels | ||
| ===== Mainframe/ | ===== Mainframe/ | ||
| * **~1960-1975** | * **~1960-1975** | ||
| - | * multiuser, multitasking | + | * multiuser |
| * UNIX (late 1960' | * UNIX (late 1960' | ||
| * many versions | * many versions | ||
| Line 27: | Line 37: | ||
| * **~1975-1985** | * **~1975-1985** | ||
| * a.k.a. **microcomputer** era | * a.k.a. **microcomputer** era | ||
| - | * single user, single tasking | + | * single user (no authentication), single tasking |
| * CLI and menu UI | * CLI and menu UI | ||
| * CP/M (1974) | * CP/M (1974) | ||
| Line 41: | Line 51: | ||
| ===== GUI desktop era ===== | ===== GUI desktop era ===== | ||
| - | * Windows | + | * Microsoft |
| * 1.0 (1985), 3.1 (1992): DOS-based | * 1.0 (1985), 3.1 (1992): DOS-based | ||
| * Windows NT (1993): UNIX competitor | * Windows NT (1993): UNIX competitor | ||
| Line 55: | Line 65: | ||
| ===== GUI desktop era ===== | ===== GUI desktop era ===== | ||
| - | * Apple OS X (2001) | + | * Apple's Mac OS X/OS X/ |
| - | * Unix-based (Darwin BSD) | + | * Unix-based (Darwin BSD) |
| - | * Now called macOS | + | * Google' |
| + | * Linux core hosting Google Chrome and Chrome-based apps. | ||
| ===== Open-source alternatives ===== | ===== Open-source alternatives ===== | ||
| Line 64: | Line 75: | ||
| * Linux (1991) | * Linux (1991) | ||
| * BSD UNIX (open versions since ~1991) | * BSD UNIX (open versions since ~1991) | ||
| - | * Can be configured | + | * Great for desktop/laptop use. |
| + | * Great for servers. | ||
| * Linux powers most Web servers | * Linux powers most Web servers | ||
| - | * Great for desktop/ | + | |
| ===== Mobile era ===== | ===== Mobile era ===== | ||
| Line 88: | Line 100: | ||
| * Sailfish OS (2012) | * Sailfish OS (2012) | ||
| * Firefox OS (c. 2013) | * Firefox OS (c. 2013) | ||
| - | * Ubuntu | + | * Ubuntu |
| + | |||
| + | ===== Mobile era ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Android Wear / Wear OS (2014) | ||
| + | * watchOS (2015) | ||
| * iPadOS (2019) | * iPadOS (2019) | ||
| * Many small Linux projects | * Many small Linux projects | ||
computer_basics/a_short_history_of_operating_systems.txt · Last modified: 2019/12/05 04:50 by mithat