computer_basics:a_short_history_of_operating_systems
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computer_basics:a_short_history_of_operating_systems [2013/02/19 23:09] – mithat | computer_basics:a_short_history_of_operating_systems [2019/12/05 04:40] – [Open-source alternatives] mithat | ||
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Mithat Konar\\ | Mithat Konar\\ | ||
- | Feb 19, 2013 | + | Dec 4, 2019 |
===== The major eras ===== | ===== The major eras ===== | ||
+ | * The no-OS era | ||
* Mainframe/ | * Mainframe/ | ||
* The personal computing era | * The personal computing era | ||
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* Open source " | * Open source " | ||
* Mobile era | * Mobile era | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== The no-OS era ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * **until ~1960** | ||
+ | * Earliest computers did not have operating systems. | ||
+ | * Expectations and capabilities were simple enough that OSes weren' | ||
+ | * Many limited-capability modern computers still don't have OSes. | ||
+ | * Simple remote controls | ||
+ | * Microwave oven panels | ||
===== Mainframe/ | ===== Mainframe/ | ||
* **~1960-1975** | * **~1960-1975** | ||
- | * multiuser, multitasking | + | * multiuser |
* UNIX (late 1960' | * UNIX (late 1960' | ||
* many versions | * many versions | ||
Line 27: | Line 37: | ||
* **~1975-1985** | * **~1975-1985** | ||
* a.k.a. **microcomputer** era | * a.k.a. **microcomputer** era | ||
- | * single user, single tasking | + | * single user (no authentication), single tasking |
* CLI and menu UI | * CLI and menu UI | ||
* CP/M (1974) | * CP/M (1974) | ||
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===== GUI desktop era ===== | ===== GUI desktop era ===== | ||
- | * Windows | + | * Microsoft |
* 1.0 (1985), 3.1 (1992): DOS-based | * 1.0 (1985), 3.1 (1992): DOS-based | ||
* Windows NT (1993): UNIX competitor | * Windows NT (1993): UNIX competitor | ||
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* Windows 7 (2009): many versions | * Windows 7 (2009): many versions | ||
* Windows 8 (2012): one-OS-for-all-platforms, | * Windows 8 (2012): one-OS-for-all-platforms, | ||
- | | + | * Windows |
- | | + | |
- | * Windows Home Server | + | |
===== GUI desktop era ===== | ===== GUI desktop era ===== | ||
- | * Apple OS X (2001) | + | * Apple's Mac OS X/OS X/ |
* Unix-based (Darwin BSD) | * Unix-based (Darwin BSD) | ||
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* Linux (1991) | * Linux (1991) | ||
* BSD UNIX (open versions since ~1991) | * BSD UNIX (open versions since ~1991) | ||
- | * Either can be configured | + | * Great for desktop/laptop use. |
- | * Linux powers most Web servers | + | |
+ | | ||
===== Mobile era ===== | ===== Mobile era ===== | ||
* **~2010 - present** | * **~2010 - present** | ||
- | | + | * Embedded Linux (1991) |
- | | + | * Windows CE/Embedded (1996) |
- | * Windows CE/Embedded (1996) | + | * Palm (1996) |
- | * Palm (1996) | + | * Symbian (1997) |
- | * Symbian (1997) | + | * BlackBerry OS (1999) |
- | * BlackBerry OS (1999) | + | * Windows Mobile (2000) |
- | * Windows Mobile (2000) | + | * iOS (2007) |
+ | * Android (2008) | ||
===== Mobile era ===== | ===== Mobile era ===== | ||
- | | + | * webOS (2010) |
- | * iOS (2007) | + | * bada (2010) |
- | * Android (2008) | + | * Aliyun (2011) |
- | | + | * Tizen (2012) |
- | * bada (2010) | + | * Sailfish OS (2012) |
- | * Aliyun (2011) | + | |
- | * Tizen (2012) | + | * Ubuntu |
- | * Firefox OS (2013?) | + | * iPadOS (2019) |
- | * Ubuntu | + | * Many small Linux projects |
===== Not covered ===== | ===== Not covered ===== | ||
- | | + | |
computer_basics/a_short_history_of_operating_systems.txt · Last modified: 2019/12/05 04:50 by mithat